Association of Dietary Protein Intake with Skeletal Muscle Mass in 4-Year-Old Children in Dhaka, Bangladesh
[Thesis]
Sidiqi, Aysha
Roth, Daniel E.
University of Toronto (Canada)
2020
239 p.
M.Sc.
University of Toronto (Canada)
2020
Skeletal muscle mass (SMM) is a key determinant of metabolic health in children and adults; yet, despite its importance, there has been a lack of research on the determinants of SMM development, particularly in low-resource settings with emerging concerns related to the 'double burden' of malnutrition. In a cross-sectional study of 4-year-old children in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we measured appendicular lean mass (ALM) using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, dietary protein intake using repeated 24-hour recall, hand-grip strength, and anthropometry. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models showed that there was no association between dietary protein intake and ALM (n=93). In a secondary analysis of an extended cohort of children (n=566), a 1 kg increase in ALM was associated with a 1.04 kg increase in muscle strength (hand-grip test) (p<0.001). Clinical trials of protein supplementation are needed to clarify the effects of dietary protein intake on muscle mass and strength in young children in low-resource settings.