Between a witness, a reporter, and a judge : the probative status of the expert -- The right hand of Qadis : male experts in judicial practice -- Agents of patriarchy in the secluded world of women : females as expert witnesses -- Continuity and reform : the Egyptian expert system in a comparative perspective -- Revealing the secrets of the body : litigants, courts, and modern medicine in Egypt -- From physiognomy to DNA testing : developments in the establishment of paternity.